Glossary

Underfitting is when a data model is unable to capture the relationship between the input and output variables accurately, generating a high error rate on both the training set and unseen data. Underfitting occurs when a model is too simple, which can be a result of a model needing more training time, more input features, or less regularization (IBM Cloud Education, 2021).

Usability and Use, as defined by the CMS CBE in Measure Evaluation Criteria and Guidance for Evaluating Measures for Endorsement, is the “extent to which potential audiences (e.g., consumers, purchasers, providers, and policymakers) are using or could use performance results for both accountability and performance improvement to achieve the goal of high-quality, efficient healthcare for individuals or populations” (p.28).